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Successful garlic farming in Kenya requires careful planning, appropriate cultivation techniques, and suitable growing conditions. Here are some key steps to consider when starting a garlic farming venture in Kenya:
- Variety selection: We help our clients choose garlic varieties that are well-suited to the Kenyan climate and soil conditions. Some popular varieties for Kenyan farmers include : Arusha, Moyale, Rwandan Giant and African Giant.
- Soil preparation: Garlic thrives in well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Before planting, prepare the soil by removing weeds, loosening it with a tiller or hoe, and incorporating organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
- Planting time: Garlic is typically planted during the rainy season in Kenya, between April and June. Ensure the soil has sufficient moisture content before planting.
- Planting method: Garlic is propagated through cloves. Break the garlic bulb into individual cloves, making sure to keep the papery covering intact. Plant the cloves with the pointed end facing upwards, about 5-10 cm deep and 10-15 cm apart in rows. Space rows about 30-40 cm apart.
- Irrigation: Garlic requires regular watering, especially during the early stages of growth. Adequate soil moisture is essential for bulb development. Irrigate the crop carefully to maintain consistent moisture levels, but avoid overwatering, as it can lead to disease development.
- Fertilization: We conduct a soil test before planting to determine nutrient deficiencies. Generally, garlic benefits from balanced fertilization. Onion Doctor trains farmers on how to Apply a nitrogen-rich fertilizer during the early stages, followed by a phosphorus and potassium-rich fertilizer during bulb development. Organic options such as compost or well-rotted manure can also be used.
- Weed control: Weed competition can hinder garlic growth and bulb development. Implement effective weed control measures such as hand weeding, mulching, or the use of herbicides, taking care to follow recommended application rates and safety guidelines.
- Disease and pest management: Garlic is susceptible to diseases such as white rot and pests like nematodes and aphids. Practice good crop rotation, sanitation, and hygiene to reduce disease pressure. Consider using organic pest control methods or consult with our local agricultural extension services for appropriate chemical interventions if necessary.
- Harvesting: Garlic bulbs are ready for harvest when the leaves start to yellow and dry out. Typically, this occurs 8-10 months after planting, around December to February. Carefully lift the bulbs using a digging fork or spade, taking care not to damage them. After harvesting, allow the bulbs to dry in a well-ventilated area with good air circulation for a few weeks.
- Storage and marketing: Once the garlic bulbs are properly cured and dried, trim the roots and tops. Store them in a cool, dry place with low humidity. Properly cured garlic can be stored for several months. Consider local market demand, restaurants, supermarkets, or direct sales to consumers as potential marketing channels.
Onion Doctor supports small holder farmers across Africa with quality and affordable Onion and Garlic seedlings, Onion seedlings, Farm planning services, Soil testing, Drip irrigation installation and maintenance, Agronomic support, Onion and Garlic value pack, Farm management, E-extension and on-farm training for farmers to optimize on yields and get maximum profits.